AVR459
When setting maximum current and voltage, the charging time in minutes is also set.
This can be up to 255 minutes and the Charger will stop when the time is reached.
The HWB button on SB200 starts a charge cycle with a duration of 1 minute (or until
you press it again). The charge voltage is set depending on which SB20x that is
connected. This will also power up the SB20x, if it was off. The voltage, current and
timeout will be sent to the PC.
7.2 Resolution
The ADC on tiny861 has an external reference of 2.5V, and with 10-bit ADC, this give
a resolution of 2.44mV. The voltage input to the ADC is scaled down 8x, so max
voltage possible to measure is 19.98V, and resolution is 19.5mV. The current input
uses the differential input with 20x gain over a shunt resistor of 0.5 ? . This is also
scaled down 8x, thus giving a resolution of 1,95mA, so max current possible to
measure is 2A. The PWM output to the buck converter has 512 values, which means
a resolution of “Input Voltage” divided by 512, e.g. at 10V input the resolution will be
approximately 19.5mV.
Note that the battery cell voltage reported in the SB200 PC application may vary
during charging. This is because the Charger is continually adjusting the voltage to
match the voltage and current limits set.
7.3 Communication
The Charger has a simple communication interface on the SPI bus. It understands
two commands: One command is “SetCharging” and it configures maximum current,
maximum voltage and timeout. The other command is “ChargerRead”. This command
to the Charger reads the voltage and current seen from the ATtiny861. (Please refer
to section 14.4 for more information about the communication).
If it receives any other command, doesn’t get all parameters or notices a checksum
error it will just discard the message.
The implementation is based on the BC100 reference design and application note
AVR458. Please refer to this application note for more information about charging Li-
Ion batteries.
8 Constant Current Load
The constant current is implemented with a 14-bit DAC, differential amplifiers and two
MOSFET transistors operated in their linear mode. The reference is 5V, step size is
approximately 305μV. Shunt resistor is two of 0.5 ? in parallel. Resolution is 1.22mA
and max current is 20A.
The load can draw high currents for a short time and is mainly limited by thermal
overstress. The current drawn by the load is controlled from the PC software. If the
current is kept below 2A for single cell and 1A dual cells applications the load should
not overheat (the higher the voltage of the battery stack the lower should the current
be).
The USB1287 monitors the temperature of the load, and will shut it down if it reaches
125°C to avoid damage to the MOSFET’s.
The load has fairly good accuracy at higher currents, while it may be somewhat
inaccurate at lower currents. The constant current stability is very good and it can
5
8132A-AVR-10/08
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